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Map: Spain

Spain is bordered to the NE with France and Andorra, W Portugal, faces E and SE to SW and NW Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. The country comprises a large plateau, the Meseta, tilted to the W with an average altitude between 600 and 1000 m. The plateau is bounded by the Cantabrian Mountains and Pyrenees to N, the Iberian system to E Sierra Morena to S and is driven by internal chains. In the Betic System, near the southern Mediterranean coast, are the highest elevation: Cerro Mulhacén, Sierra Nevada, reaches 3482 m. The most important rivers are the Ebro, the Miño, the Duero, the Tagus, the Guadiana and Guadalquivir. The climate is mainly continental, except near the coast. Spain is part of the Canary archipelago, but physically belongs to Africa and includes the islands of Fuerteventura (1659 sq km), Gran Canaria (1532 sq km), Lanzarote (806 sq km), Tenerife (1929 sq km), La Palma ( 663 sq km), Gomera (352 sq km), Hierro (224 sq km) and other small islands and territories children.

Of state and Population

The conformation of the territory affects an imbalanced distribution of the population on the coast, along the river valleys and areas more economically advanced, they have developed agriculture and industry. The population according to the latest census for a total of 45,989,016 inhabitants. and foreigners are approximately 3,034,326 (unofficial data). The army is completely professional, the Guardia Civil police functions. The judicial system is based on continental European law. The death penalty was abolished in 1978, the Criminal Code of 1996 provides a maximum penalty of 30 years in prison, thus excluding even life imprisonment. Spain emerged from nearly 40 years of dictatorship since 1975 after the death by the Hon. Francisco Franco, in power since 1939. The transition from the Franco dictatorship to democracy was run by moderate parties and the Socialist Party, with the active support of the monarchy. The massacre in Madrid on 11 March 2004 (201 deaths and more than 1440 feriti9 caused by the terrorists of al-Qaida has marked the recent history: the elections of March 14, 2004, the Popular Party of Prime Minister Jose Aznar, who supported the war in Iraq, was defeated by Luis Zapatero's Socialist Party, opposed to the war. The first act of the new government was withdrawal of the Spanish contingent from Iraq. Since 1968 the ETA, the Basque separatist organization, has worked attacks in many parts of Spain, renewing their pictures despite the repression of the central government. Ample space has been left to regional autonomy: the 17 communities established in 1983 have considerable powers, so as to approach Spain, in fact, a structure Federal. With an agreement in 2000 Spain and the United Kingdom in Gibraltar have extended the same rights as other EU citizens.

Economic resources and

Thanks to the liveliness of domestic consumption, GNP growth has remained close to 3% above the EU average. But unemployment is still high (around 11%) and inflation also tends to rise (closer to 3.5%). The new Socialist government has allocated half of the public budget to social spending (right to housing, increase pensions, education and research). Agriculture has a good productivity despite the difficulties of irrigation and the fragmentation of ownership. Among the cereals prevail barley, maize and wheat, grown primarily in Castigale. The country is among the world's largest producers of citrus, olive oil and wine. Also prominent are the cultivation of potatoes and fruit and vegetables. Among the industrial crops prevail sugar beet, tobacco, cotton and sunflower. The largest forest products and cork, of which Spain is the world's largest producer along with Portugal. Sheep farming is world famous for its fine wool from merino species. Several pigs, of which Spain is a leading breeders worldwide. Cattle are sufficient to cover the national demand for meat, milk and dairy products. Fishing is very active with the main ports are: Vigo, Pasajes, La Coruña, Huelva, Algeciras and Cadiz. The mineral resources are varied and substantial underground. The main coal basin is the Asturian-Leonese; other deposits found in areas of Puertollano, of Peñrroya in the province of Seville and in the lower Ebro. Small amounts of oil are extracted to Ayoluengo and off of Tarragona, the lack of natural gas, iron ore deposits are located in Vizcaya in the region of Santander, in Ponferraada in the Iberian Cordillera and southeastern highlands (Granada, Almeria , Murcia).

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Article posted by Alessio.101 Blog turismosulweb.it in category: Europe - Spain, Salerno, February 28, 2010.
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